"say to" → "tell"| 話法 | 直接話法 | 人の言うことをそのまま伝える言い方 | |
| He said to me, "I am a doctor." | |||
| 間接話法 | 人の言うことを話者の言葉に変えて伝える言い方 | ||
|
| " " の中が普通文の場合 |
"say to" → "tell"
人称、時制に一致接続し "that" を用いる。
| He said to me, "I saw you in the park." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | told me that | he had seen me in the park. |
| She said to me, "I am a teacher." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| She | told me that | she was a teacher. |
| " " の中が疑問詞のない疑問文の場合 |
"say to" → "ask"
接続詞 "if" または "whether" を用いる。
接続詞の後の語順は、主語 + 動詞
| She said to me, "Do you like me?" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| She | asked me if (whether) | I liked her. |
| He said to her, "Are you an American?" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | asked her whether | she was an American. |
| He said to me, "Did you have lunch with her?" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | asked me whether | I had had lunch with her. |
| " " の中が疑問詞のある疑問文の場合 |
"say to" → "ask"
接続詞は疑問詞をそのまま用いる。
接続詞のあとの語順は、主語 + 動詞
| He said to me, "Where did you go on Friday?" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | asked me where | I had gone on Friday. |
| I said to her, "Where are you from?" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| I | asked her where | she was from. |
| " " の中が命令文の場合 |
"say to" → "tell"
不定詞を用いる。
| She said to me, "Study hard." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| She | told me to | study hard. |
| He said to me, "Don't buy the car." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | told me not to | buy the car. |
| " " の中が重文の場合 |
| He said, "I'm a teacher and you are a student." | ||||
| ↓ | ||||
| He said | that | he was a teacher, and | that | I was a student. |
| 省略できる | 省略できない | |||
| " " の中が相手を誘う文（Let's 〜）の場合 |
"say to" → "suggest to"
| He said to me, "Let's go swimming." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He | suggested to me that | we went swimming. |
| " " の中が感嘆文の場合 |
普通文に直すか、そのまま用いる。
| They said, "How beautiful the picture is!" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| They | exclaimed that | the picture was very beautiful. |
| " " の中が祈祷文の場合 |
"say to" → "pray that"
| They said, "May God save us all!" | ||
| ↓ | ||
| They | prayed that | God might save them all. |
| " " の中に "thank you" がある場合 |
"thank" を動詞として用いるか、"tell" "say" を用いて "be grateful to 〜" を使う。
| He said, "Thank you very much." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| He told me that he | was grateful to | me. |
| " " の中に "please" がある場合 |
"say to" → "ask"
不定詞を用いる。
| She said to me, "Please tell us anything you have seen quickly." | ||
| ↓ | ||
| She | asked me to | tell them anything I had seen quickly. |
| 語句の変換 |
| 直接話法 | 間接話法 | ||
| yesterday | the day before | ||
| today | that day | ||
| tomorrow | the next day | ||
| here | there | ||
| this | that | ||
| these | those |